## A.47 library(readutil): Read utilities

See also
  - `library(pure_input)` allows for processing files with DCGs.
  - `library(lazy_lists)` for creating lazy lists from input.

This library provides some commonly used reading predicates. As these predicates have proven to be time-critical in some applications we moved them to C. For compatibility as well as to reduce system dependency, we link the foreign code at runtime and fallback to the Prolog implementation if the shared object cannot be found.

[det]read_line_to_codes(+Stream, -Line:codes)
  Read the next line of input from Stream. Unify content of the lines as a list of character codes with Line after the line has been read. A line is ended by a newline character or end-of-file. Unlike read_line_to_codes/3, this predicate removes a trailing newline character.
[det]read_line_to_codes(+Stream, -Line, ?Tail)
  Difference-list version to read an input line to a list of character codes. Reading stops at the newline or end-of-file character, but unlike read_line_to_codes/2, the newline is retained in the output. This predicate is especially useful for reading a block of lines up to some delimiter. The following example reads an HTTP header ended by a blank line:

      read_header_data(Stream, Header) :-
          read_line_to_codes(Stream, Header, Tail),
          read_header_data(Header, Stream, Tail).

      read_header_data("\r\n", _, _) :- !.
      read_header_data("\n", _, _) :- !.
      read_header_data("", _, _) :- !.
      read_header_data(_, Stream, Tail) :-
          read_line_to_codes(Stream, Tail, NewTail),
          read_header_data(Tail, Stream, NewTail).

[det]read_line_to_string(+Stream, -String)
  Read the next line from Stream into String. String does not contain the line terminator. String is unified with the atom `end_of_file` if the end of the file is reached.
  See also
    read_string/5 can be used to read lines with separated records without creating intermediate strings.
[det]read_stream_to_codes(+Stream, -Codes)
[det]read_stream_to_codes(+Stream, -Codes, ?Tail)
  Read input from Stream to a list of character codes. The version read_stream_to_codes/3 creates a difference-list.
[det]read_file_to_codes(+Spec, -Codes, +Options)
  Read the file Spec into a list of Codes. Options is split into options for absolute_file_name/3 and open/4. In addition, the following option is provided:
  tail(?Tail)
    Read the data into a difference list Codes`\`Tail.
  See also
    phrase_from_file/3 and read_file_to_string/3.
[det]read_file_to_string(+Spec, -String, +Options)
  Read the file Spec into a the string String. Options is split into options for absolute_file_name/3 and open/4.
  See also
    phrase_from_file/3 and read_file_to_codes/3.
[det]read_file_to_terms(+Spec, -Terms, +Options)
  Read the file Spec into a list of terms. Options is split over absolute_file_name/3, open/4 and read_term/3. In addition, the following option is processed:
  tail(?Tail)
    If present, Terms`\`Tail forms a difference list.

  Note that the output options of read_term/3, such as `variable_names` or `subterm_positions` will cause read_file_to_terms/3 to fail if Spec contains multiple terms because the values for the different terms will not unify.